// See the file "COPYING" in the main distribution directory for copyright.

#include "pac_array.h"

#include "pac_attr.h"
#include "pac_dataptr.h"
#include "pac_exception.h"
#include "pac_expr.h"
#include "pac_exttype.h"
#include "pac_id.h"
#include "pac_output.h"
#include "pac_utils.h"
#include "pac_varfield.h"

ArrayType::ArrayType(Type* elemtype, Expr* length) : Type(ARRAY), elemtype_(elemtype), length_(length) {
    init_type();

    switch ( elemtype_->tot() ) {
        case BUILTIN:
        case PARAMETERIZED:
        case STRING:
        case EXTERN: break;

        case ARRAY:
        case CASE:
        case DUMMY:
        case EMPTY:
        case RECORD:
        case UNDEF: ASSERT(0); break;
    }
}

void ArrayType::init_type() {
    arraylength_var_field_ = nullptr;
    elem_it_var_field_ = nullptr;
    elem_var_field_ = nullptr;
    elem_dataptr_var_field_ = nullptr;
    elem_input_var_field_ = nullptr;

    elem_dataptr_until_expr_ = nullptr;

    end_of_array_loop_label_ = "@@@";

    vector_str_ = strfmt("vector<%s>", elemtype_->DataTypeStr().c_str());

    datatype_str_ = strfmt("%s*", vector_str_.c_str());

    attr_generic_until_expr_ = nullptr;
    attr_until_element_expr_ = nullptr;
    attr_until_input_expr_ = nullptr;
}

ArrayType::~ArrayType() {
    delete arraylength_var_field_;
    delete elem_it_var_field_;
    delete elem_var_field_;
    delete elem_dataptr_var_field_;
    delete elem_input_var_field_;

    delete elem_dataptr_until_expr_;
}

Type* ArrayType::DoClone() const {
    Type* elemtype = elemtype_->Clone();
    if ( ! elemtype )
        return nullptr;
    return new ArrayType(elemtype, length_);
}

bool ArrayType::DefineValueVar() const { return true; }

string ArrayType::DataTypeStr() const { return datatype_str_; }

Type* ArrayType::ElementDataType() const { return elemtype_; }

string ArrayType::EvalElement(const string& array, const string& index) const {
    if ( attr_transient_ )
        throw Exception(this, "cannot access element in &transient array");

    return strfmt("(*(%s))[%s]", array.c_str(), index.c_str());
}

const ID* ArrayType::arraylength_var() const { return arraylength_var_field_ ? arraylength_var_field_->id() : nullptr; }

const ID* ArrayType::elem_it_var() const { return elem_it_var_field_ ? elem_it_var_field_->id() : nullptr; }

const ID* ArrayType::elem_var() const { return elem_var_field_ ? elem_var_field_->id() : nullptr; }

const ID* ArrayType::elem_dataptr_var() const {
    return elem_dataptr_var_field_ ? elem_dataptr_var_field_->id() : nullptr;
}

const ID* ArrayType::elem_input_var() const { return elem_input_var_field_ ? elem_input_var_field_->id() : nullptr; }

void ArrayType::ProcessAttr(Attr* a) {
    Type::ProcessAttr(a);

    switch ( a->type() ) {
        case ATTR_RESTOFDATA: {
            if ( elemtype_->StaticSize(env()) != 1 ) {
                throw Exception(elemtype_,
                                "&restofdata can be applied"
                                " to only byte arrays");
            }
            if ( length_ ) {
                throw Exception(length_,
                                "&restofdata cannot be applied"
                                " to arrays with specified length");
            }
            attr_restofdata_ = true;
            // As the array automatically extends to the end of
            // data, we do not have to check boundary.
            SetBoundaryChecked();
        } break;

        case ATTR_RESTOFFLOW:
            attr_restofflow_ = true;
            // TODO: handle &restofflow
            break;

        case ATTR_UNTIL: {
            bool ref_element = a->expr()->HasReference(element_macro_id);
            bool ref_input = a->expr()->HasReference(input_macro_id);
            if ( ref_element && ref_input ) {
                throw Exception(a->expr(),
                                "cannot reference both $element and $input "
                                "in the same &until---please separate them.");
            }

            if ( ref_element ) {
                if ( attr_until_element_expr_ ) {
                    throw Exception(a->expr(), "multiple &until on $element");
                }
                attr_until_element_expr_ = a->expr();
            }
            else if ( ref_input ) {
                if ( attr_until_input_expr_ ) {
                    throw Exception(a->expr(), "multiple &until on $input");
                }
                attr_until_input_expr_ = a->expr();
            }
            else {
                if ( attr_generic_until_expr_ ) {
                    throw Exception(a->expr(), "multiple &until condition");
                }
                attr_generic_until_expr_ = a->expr();
            }
        } break;

        default: break;
    }
}

void ArrayType::Prepare(Env* env, int flags) {
    if ( flags & TO_BE_PARSED ) {
        ID* arraylength_var = new ID(strfmt("%s__arraylength", value_var()->Name()));
        ID* elem_var = new ID(strfmt("%s__elem", value_var()->Name()));
        ID* elem_it_var = new ID(strfmt("%s__it", elem_var->Name()));

        elem_var_field_ = new ParseVarField(Field::CLASS_MEMBER, elem_var, elemtype_);
        AddField(elem_var_field_);

        if ( incremental_parsing() ) {
            arraylength_var_field_ = new PrivVarField(arraylength_var, extern_type_int->Clone());
            elem_it_var_field_ = new PrivVarField(elem_it_var, extern_type_int->Clone());

            AddField(arraylength_var_field_);
            AddField(elem_it_var_field_);
        }
        else {
            arraylength_var_field_ = new TempVarField(arraylength_var, extern_type_int->Clone());
            elem_it_var_field_ = new TempVarField(elem_it_var, extern_type_int->Clone());

            arraylength_var_field_->Prepare(env);
            elem_it_var_field_->Prepare(env);

            // Add elem_dataptr_var only when not parsing incrementally
            ID* elem_dataptr_var = new ID(strfmt("%s__dataptr", elem_var->Name()));
            elem_dataptr_var_field_ = new TempVarField(elem_dataptr_var, extern_type_const_byteptr->Clone());
            elem_dataptr_var_field_->Prepare(env);

            // until(dataptr >= end_of_data)
            elem_dataptr_until_expr_ =
                new Expr(Expr::EXPR_GE, new Expr(elem_dataptr_var->clone()), new Expr(end_of_data->clone()));
        }

        if ( attr_until_input_expr_ ) {
            elemtype_->SetUntilCheck(this);
        }

        end_of_array_loop_label_ = strfmt("end_of_%s", value_var()->Name());
    }

    Type::Prepare(env, flags);
}

void ArrayType::GenArrayLength(Output* out_cc, Env* env, const DataPtr& data) {
    if ( env->Evaluated(arraylength_var()) )
        return;

    if ( ! incremental_parsing() ) {
        arraylength_var_field_->GenTempDecls(out_cc, env);
        // This is about to get initialized below, don't initialize it twice.
        if ( ! length_ && ! attr_restofdata_ )
            arraylength_var_field_->GenInitCode(out_cc, env);
    }

    if ( length_ ) {
        out_cc->println("%s = %s;", env->LValue(arraylength_var()), length_->EvalExpr(out_cc, env));

        env->SetEvaluated(arraylength_var());

        // Check negative array length
        out_cc->println("if ( %s < 0 ) {", env->LValue(arraylength_var()));
        out_cc->inc_indent();
        out_cc->println("throw binpac::ExceptionOutOfBound(\"%s\",", data_id_str_.c_str());
        out_cc->println("  %s, (%s) - (%s));", env->LValue(arraylength_var()), env->RValue(end_of_data),
                        env->RValue(begin_of_data));
        out_cc->dec_indent();
        out_cc->println("}");

        int element_size;

        if ( elemtype_->StaticSize(env) == -1 ) {
            // Check for overlong array quantity.  We cap it at the maximum
            // array size (assume 1-byte elements * array length) as we can't
            // possibly store more elements.  e.g. this helps prevent
            // user-controlled length fields from causing an excessive
            // iteration and/or memory-allocation (for the array we'll be
            // parsing into) unless they actually sent enough data to go along
            // with it.  Note that this check is *not* looking for whether the
            // contents of the array will extend past the end of the data
            // buffer.
            out_cc->println("// Check array element quantity: %s", data_id_str_.c_str());
            element_size = 1;
        }
        else {
            // Boundary check the entire array if elements have static size.
            out_cc->println("// Check bounds for static-size array: %s", data_id_str_.c_str());
            elemtype_->SetBoundaryChecked();
            element_size = elemtype_->StaticSize(env);

            if ( element_size == 0 ) {
                // If we know we have an array of empty elements, probably
                // better to structure the parser as just a single empty
                // field to avoid DoS vulnerability of allocating
                // arbitrary number of empty records (i.e. cheap for them,
                // but costly for us unless we have special optimization
                // for this scenario to forgo the usual allocation).
                throw Exception(this, "using an array of known-to-be-empty elements is possibly a bad idea");
            }
        }

        const char* array_ptr_expr = data.ptr_expr();
        string max_elements_available =
            strfmt("((%s - %s) / %d)", env->RValue(end_of_data), array_ptr_expr, element_size);

        out_cc->println("if ( %s > %s )", env->RValue(arraylength_var()), max_elements_available.c_str());
        out_cc->inc_indent();
        out_cc->println("throw binpac::ExceptionOutOfBound(\"%s\",", data_id_str_.c_str());
        out_cc->println("  %s, (%s) - (%s));", env->RValue(arraylength_var()), env->RValue(end_of_data),
                        array_ptr_expr);
        out_cc->dec_indent();
    }
    else if ( attr_restofdata_ ) {
        ASSERT(elemtype_->StaticSize(env) == 1);
        out_cc->println("%s = (%s) - (%s);", env->LValue(arraylength_var()), env->RValue(end_of_data), data.ptr_expr());
        env->SetEvaluated(arraylength_var());
    }
}

void ArrayType::GenPubDecls(Output* out_h, Env* env) {
    Type::GenPubDecls(out_h, env);

    if ( declared_as_type() ) {
        if ( attr_transient_ )
            throw Exception(this, "cannot access element in &transient array");

        out_h->println("int size() const	{ return %s ? %s->size() : 0; }", env->RValue(value_var()),
                       env->RValue(value_var()));
        out_h->println("%s operator[](int index) const { BINPAC_ASSERT(%s); return (*%s)[index]; }",
                       elemtype_->DataTypeConstRefStr().c_str(), env->RValue(value_var()), env->RValue(value_var()));
    }
}

void ArrayType::GenPrivDecls(Output* out_h, Env* env) {
    ASSERT(elem_var_field_->type() == elemtype_);
    ASSERT(elemtype_->value_var());
    Type::GenPrivDecls(out_h, env);
}

void ArrayType::GenInitCode(Output* out_cc, Env* env) {
    // Do not initiate the array here
    // out_cc->println("%s = new %s;", lvalue(), vector_str_.c_str());
    out_cc->println("%s = nullptr;", lvalue());

    Type::GenInitCode(out_cc, env);
    if ( incremental_parsing() ) {
        out_cc->println("%s = -1;", env->LValue(elem_it_var()));
    }
}

void ArrayType::GenCleanUpCode(Output* out_cc, Env* env) {
    Type::GenCleanUpCode(out_cc, env);
    if ( elemtype_->NeedsCleanUp() ) {
        if ( ! elem_var_field_ ) {
            ID* elem_var = new ID(strfmt("%s__elem", value_var()->Name()));
            elem_var_field_ = new ParseVarField(Field::NOT_CLASS_MEMBER, elem_var, elemtype_);
            elem_var_field_->Prepare(env);
        }

        out_cc->println("if ( %s ) {", env->RValue(value_var()));
        out_cc->inc_indent();

        out_cc->println("for ( auto* %s : *%s ) {", env->LValue(elem_var()), env->RValue(value_var()));
        out_cc->inc_indent();
        elemtype_->GenCleanUpCode(out_cc, env);
        out_cc->dec_indent();
        out_cc->println("}");

        out_cc->dec_indent();
        out_cc->println("}");
    }
    out_cc->println("delete %s;", lvalue());
}

string ArrayType::GenArrayInit(Output* out_cc, Env* env, bool known_array_length) {
    string array_str;

    array_str = lvalue();
    if ( incremental_parsing() ) {
        out_cc->println("if ( %s < 0 ) {", env->LValue(elem_it_var()));
        out_cc->inc_indent();
        out_cc->println("// Initialize only once");
        out_cc->println("%s = 0;", env->LValue(elem_it_var()));
    }

    out_cc->println("%s = new %s;", lvalue(), vector_str_.c_str());

    if ( known_array_length ) {
        out_cc->println("%s->reserve(%s);", lvalue(), env->RValue(arraylength_var()));
    }

    if ( incremental_parsing() ) {
        out_cc->dec_indent();
        out_cc->println("}");
    }

    return array_str;
}

void ArrayType::GenElementAssignment(Output* out_cc, Env* env, string const& array_str, bool use_vector) {
    if ( attr_transient_ ) {
        // Just discard.
        out_cc->println("delete %s;", env->LValue(elem_var()));
        return;
    }

    // Assign the element
    if ( ! use_vector ) {
        out_cc->println("%s[%s] = %s;", array_str.c_str(), env->LValue(elem_it_var()), env->LValue(elem_var()));
    }
    else {
        out_cc->println("%s->push_back(%s);", array_str.c_str(), env->LValue(elem_var()));
    }
}

void ArrayType::DoGenParseCode(Output* out_cc, Env* env, const DataPtr& data, int flags) {
    GenArrayLength(out_cc, env, data);

    // Otherwise these variables are declared as member variables
    if ( ! incremental_parsing() ) {
        // Declare and initialize temporary variables
        elem_var_field_->GenInitCode(out_cc, env);
        elem_it_var_field_->GenTempDecls(out_cc, env);
        out_cc->println("%s = 0;", env->LValue(elem_it_var()));
        env->SetEvaluated(elem_it_var());
    }

    /*
    If the input length can be determined without parsing
    individual elements, generate the boundary checking before
    parsing (unless in the case of incremental parsing).

    There are two cases when the input length can be determined:
    1. The array has a static size;
    2. The array length can be computed before parsing and
    each element is of constant size.
    */

    bool compute_size_var = false;

    if ( incremental_input() ) {
        // Do not compute size_var on incremental input
        compute_size_var = false;

        if ( ! incremental_parsing() &&
             (StaticSize(env) >= 0 || (env->Evaluated(arraylength_var()) && elemtype_->StaticSize(env) >= 0)) ) {
            GenBoundaryCheck(out_cc, env, data);
        }
    }
    else {
        compute_size_var = AddSizeVar(out_cc, env);
    }

    bool known_array_length = env->Evaluated(arraylength_var());
    string array_str = GenArrayInit(out_cc, env, known_array_length);

    bool use_vector = true;

    ASSERT(elem_it_var());

    DataPtr elem_data(env, nullptr, 0);

    if ( elem_dataptr_var() ) {
        out_cc->println("const_byteptr %s = %s;", env->LValue(elem_dataptr_var()), data.ptr_expr());
        env->SetEvaluated(elem_dataptr_var());

        elem_data = DataPtr(env, elem_dataptr_var(), 0);
    }

    string for_condition = known_array_length ?
                               strfmt("%s < %s", env->LValue(elem_it_var()), env->RValue(arraylength_var())) :
                               "/* forever */";

    out_cc->println("for (; %s; ++%s) {", for_condition.c_str(), env->LValue(elem_it_var()));
    out_cc->inc_indent();

    if ( attr_generic_until_expr_ )
        GenUntilCheck(out_cc, env, attr_generic_until_expr_, true);

    if ( elem_dataptr_var() ) {
        if ( length_ ) {
            // Array has a known-length expression like uint16[4] vs. uint16[].
            // Here, arriving at the end of the data buffer should not be a
            // valid loop-termination condition (which is what the
            // GenUntilCheck() call produces).  Instead, rely on the loop
            // counter to terminate iteration or else the parsing code
            // generated for each element should throw an OOB exception if
            // there's insufficient data in the buffer.
        }
        else {
            GenUntilCheck(out_cc, env, elem_dataptr_until_expr_, false);
        }
    }

    elemtype_->GenPreParsing(out_cc, env);
    elemtype_->GenParseCode(out_cc, env, elem_data, flags);

    if ( incremental_parsing() ) {
        out_cc->println("if ( ! %s )", elemtype_->parsing_complete(env).c_str());
        out_cc->inc_indent();
        out_cc->println("goto %s;", kNeedMoreData);
        out_cc->dec_indent();
    }

    GenElementAssignment(out_cc, env, array_str, use_vector);

    if ( elem_dataptr_var() ) {
        out_cc->println("%s += %s;", env->LValue(elem_dataptr_var()),
                        elemtype_->DataSize(nullptr, env, elem_data).c_str());
        out_cc->println("BINPAC_ASSERT(%s <= %s);", env->RValue(elem_dataptr_var()), env->RValue(end_of_data));
    }

    if ( attr_until_element_expr_ )
        GenUntilCheck(out_cc, env, attr_until_element_expr_, false);

    if ( elemtype_->IsPointerType() )
        out_cc->println("%s = nullptr;", env->LValue(elem_var()));

    out_cc->dec_indent();
    out_cc->println("}");

    out_cc->dec_indent();
    out_cc->println("%s: ;", end_of_array_loop_label_.c_str());
    out_cc->inc_indent();

    if ( compute_size_var && elem_dataptr_var() && ! env->Evaluated(size_var()) ) {
        // Compute the data size
        out_cc->println("%s = %s - (%s);", env->LValue(size_var()), env->RValue(elem_dataptr_var()), data.ptr_expr());
        env->SetEvaluated(size_var());
    }
}

void ArrayType::GenUntilInputCheck(Output* out_cc, Env* env) {
    ID* elem_input_var_id = new ID(strfmt("%s__elem_input", value_var()->Name()));
    elem_input_var_field_ = new TempVarField(elem_input_var_id, extern_type_const_bytestring->Clone());
    elem_input_var_field_->Prepare(env);

    out_cc->println("%s %s(%s, %s);", extern_type_const_bytestring->DataTypeStr().c_str(),
                    env->LValue(elem_input_var()), env->RValue(begin_of_data), env->RValue(end_of_data));
    env->SetEvaluated(elem_input_var());

    GenUntilCheck(out_cc, env, attr_until_input_expr_, true);
}

void ArrayType::GenUntilCheck(Output* out_cc, Env* env, Expr* until_expr, bool delete_elem) {
    ASSERT(until_expr);

    Env check_env(env, this);
    check_env.AddMacro(element_macro_id, new Expr(elem_var()->clone()));
    if ( elem_input_var() ) {
        check_env.AddMacro(input_macro_id, new Expr(elem_input_var()->clone()));
    }

    out_cc->println("// Check &until(%s)", until_expr->orig());
    out_cc->println("if ( %s ) {", until_expr->EvalExpr(out_cc, &check_env));
    out_cc->inc_indent();
    if ( parsing_complete_var() ) {
        out_cc->println("%s = true;", env->LValue(parsing_complete_var()));
    }

    if ( elemtype_->IsPointerType() ) {
        if ( delete_elem )
            elemtype_->GenCleanUpCode(out_cc, env);
        else
            out_cc->println("%s = nullptr;", env->LValue(elem_var()));
    }

    out_cc->println("goto %s;", end_of_array_loop_label_.c_str());
    out_cc->dec_indent();
    out_cc->println("}");
}

void ArrayType::GenDynamicSize(Output* out_cc, Env* env, const DataPtr& data) {
    ASSERT(! incremental_input());
    DEBUG_MSG("Generating dynamic size for array `%s'\n", value_var()->Name());

    int elem_w = elemtype_->StaticSize(env);
    if ( elem_w >= 0 && ! attr_until_element_expr_ && ! attr_until_input_expr_ && (length_ || attr_restofdata_) ) {
        // If the elements have a fixed size,
        // we only need to compute the number of elements
        bool compute_size_var = AddSizeVar(out_cc, env);
        ASSERT(compute_size_var);
        GenArrayLength(out_cc, env, data);
        ASSERT(env->Evaluated(arraylength_var()));
        out_cc->println("%s = %d * %s;", env->LValue(size_var()), elem_w, env->RValue(arraylength_var()));
        env->SetEvaluated(size_var());
    }
    else {
        // Otherwise we need parse the array dynamically
        GenParseCode(out_cc, env, data, 0);
    }
}

int ArrayType::StaticSize(Env* env) const {
    int num = 0;

    if ( ! length_ || ! length_->ConstFold(env, &num) )
        return -1;

    int elem_w = elemtype_->StaticSize(env);
    if ( elem_w < 0 )
        return -1;

    DEBUG_MSG("static size of %s:%s = %d * %d\n", decl_id()->Name(), lvalue(), elem_w, num);

    return num * elem_w;
}

void ArrayType::SetBoundaryChecked() {
    Type::SetBoundaryChecked();

    if ( attr_length_expr_ ) {
        // When using &length on an array, only treat its elements as
        // already-bounds-checked if they are a single byte in length.
        if ( elemtype_->StaticSize(env()) == 1 )
            elemtype_->SetBoundaryChecked();

        return;
    }

    elemtype_->SetBoundaryChecked();
}

void ArrayType::DoMarkIncrementalInput() { elemtype_->MarkIncrementalInput(); }

bool ArrayType::RequiresAnalyzerContext() {
    return Type::RequiresAnalyzerContext() || (length_ && length_->RequiresAnalyzerContext()) ||
           elemtype_->RequiresAnalyzerContext();
}

bool ArrayType::DoTraverse(DataDepVisitor* visitor) {
    if ( ! Type::DoTraverse(visitor) )
        return false;

    if ( length_ && ! length_->Traverse(visitor) )
        return false;

    if ( ! elemtype_->Traverse(visitor) )
        return false;

    return true;
}
